ATMega32 - 8-Bit AVR Microcontroller

12 March 2018 - 0 Comments

ATMega32 Microcontroller

ATMega32 Pin Diagram

ATMEGA32 Pin Configuration

Pin No.	Pin name	Description		Alternate Function
1	PB0(XCK/T0)	Pin 0 of PORTB		T0( Timer0 External Counter Input) XCK ( USART External Clock I/O)
2	PB1(T1)	Pin 1 of PORTB		T1(Timer1 External Counter Input)
3	PB2(INT2/AIN0)	Pin 2 of PORTB		AIN0(Analog Comparator Positive I/P) INT2( External Interrupt 2 Input)
4	PB3(OC0/AIN1)	Pin 3 of PORTB		AIN1(Analog Comparator Negative I/P) OC0 (Timer0 Output Compare Match Output)
5	PB4(SS)	Pin 4 of PORTB		SS (SPI Slave Select Input). This pin is low when controller acts as slave. [Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) for programming]
6	PB5(MOSI)	Pin 5 of PORTB		MOSI (Master Output Slave Input). When controller acts as slave, the data is received by this pin. [Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) for programming]
7	PB6(MISO)	Pin 6 of PORTB		MISO (Master Input Slave Output). When controller acts as slave, the data is sent to master by this controller through this pin. [Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) for programming]
8	PB7(SCK)	Pin 7 of PORTB		SCK (SPI Bus Serial Clock). This is the clock shared between this controller and other system for accurate data transfer. [Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) for programming]
9	RESET	Reset Pin, Active Low Reset		Pulled HIGH to RESET controller.
10	Vcc	Vcc = +5V
11	GND	GROUND
12	XTAL2	Connected to Crystal Oscillator
13	XTAL1	Connected to Crystal Oscillator
14	PD0(RXD)	Pin 0 of PORTD		RXD (USART Input Pin) USART Serial Communication Interface [Can be used for programming]
15	PD1(TXD)	Pin 1 of PORTD		TXD (USART Output Pin) USART Serial Communication Interface [Can be used for programming]
16	PD2(INT0)	Pin 2 of PORTD		External Interrupt INT0
17	PD3(INT1)	Pin 3 of PORTD		External Interrupt INT1
18	PD4(OC1B)	Pin 4 of PORTD		PWM Channel Outputs
19	PD5(OC1A)	Pin 5 of PORTD
20	PD6(ICP)	Pin 6 of PORTD		Timer/Counter1 Input Capture Pin
21	PD7 (OC2)	Pin 7 of PORTD		Timer/Counter2 Output Compare Match Output
22	PC0 (SCL)	Pin 0 of PORTC		TWI Interface
23	PC1 (SDA)	Pin 1 of PORTC
24	PC2 (TCK)	Pin 2 of PORTC		JTAG Interface
25	PC3 (TMS)	Pin 3 of PORTC
26	PC4 (TDO)	Pin 4 of PORTC
27	PC5 (TDI)	Pin 5 of PORTC
28	PC6 (TOSC1)	Pin 6 of PORTC		Timer Oscillator Pin 1
29	PC7 (TOSC2)	Pin 7 of PORTC		Timer Oscillator Pin 2
30	AVcc	Vcc for Internal ADC Converter
31	GND	GROUND
32	AREF	Analog Reference Pin for ADC
33	PA7 (ADC7)	Pin 7 of PORTA	ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) Channel 7
34	PA6 (ADC6)	Pin 6 of PORTA	ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) Channel 6
35	PA5 (ADC5)	Pin 5 of PORTA	ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) Channel 5
36	PA4 (ADC4)	Pin 4 of PORTA	ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) Channel 4
37	PA3 (ADC3)	Pin 3 of PORTA	ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) Channel 3
38	PA2 (ADC2)	Pin 2 of PORTA	ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) Channel 2
39	PA1 (ADC1)	Pin 1 of PORTA	ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) Channel 1
40	PA0 (ADC0)	Pin 0 of PORTA	ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) Channel 0

ATMEGA32 Features

ATMEGA32 – Simplified Features
CPU	8-bit AVR
Number of Pins	40
Operating Voltage (V)	+4.5 to +5.5 V (+5.5V being absolute maximum)
Number of I/O pins	32
Communication Interface	JTAG Interface(24,25,26,27 PINS)[Can be used for programming this controller] Master/Slave SPI Serial Interface(5,6,7,8 PINS) [Can be used for programming this controller] Programmable Serial USART(14,15 PINS) [Can be used for programming this controller] Two-wire Serial Interface(22,23 PINS)[Can be used to connect peripheral devices like sensors and LCDs]
ADC Module	8 channels , 10-bit resolution ADC
Timer Module	Two 8-bit counters, One 16-bit counter [Total three]
Analog Comparators	1
DAC Module	Nil
PWM channels	4
External Oscillator	0-8MHz for ATMEGA32L 0-16MHz for ATMEGA32
Internal Oscillator	0-8MHz Calibrated Internal Oscillator
Program Memory Type	Flash
Program Memory (KB)	32Kbytes[10000 write/erase cycles]
CPU Speed (MIPS)	16 MIPS
RAM Bytes	2KBytes
Data EEPROM	1024 Bytes
Watchdog Timer	Programmable Watchdog Timer with Separate On-chip Oscillator
Power Save Modes	Six Modes[Idle, ADC Noise Reduction, Power-save, Power-down, Standby and Extended Standby]
Operating Temperature	-55°C to +125°C(+125 being absolute maximum, -55 being absolute minimum)

ATMEGA32 Replacements

ATMEGA16, ATMEGA8535

ATMEGA32 Alternatives

ATMEGA8, ATMEGA328p

Where to Use ATMEGA32

ATMEGA32 is easy to program AVR controller. With appreciable program memory it can satisfy most EMBEDDED SYSTEMS. With various sleep modes it can work on MOBILE EMBEDDED SYSTEMS. Along with 32 programmable Input/Output pins, it can interface many peripherals easily. With Watchdog timer to reset under error it can be used on systems with no human interference. With so many features with each appreciating other we can implement ATMEGA32 in many control systems.

How to Use ATMEGA32

Using ATMEGA32 is similar to any other microcontroller. Similar to them it is not Plug and Play digital ICs. For working of ATMEGA32, first we need to save the appropriate program file in the ATMEGA32 FLASH memory. After dumping this program code, the controller executes this code to create the response.

Entire process of using an ATMEGA32 goes like this:

List the functions to be executed by ATMEGA32
write the functions in IDE programs using relative language

(Usually Atmel Studio 6.2 for Windows7,

Atmel Studio 7 for Windows10 [ https://www.microchip.com/avr-support/atmel-studio-7 ])

(For these IDE the functions should be written in ‘C’ language)

After writing the desired program compile for error elimination using IDE.
Opt the IDE application to generate HEX file for the written program.
Choose the programming device (usually SPI programmer made for AVR controllers) which establishes communication between PC and ATMEGA32
Run the HEX file dumping software which is related to the chosen programming device.
Choose the appropriate program HEX file in the SPI or other programmer software.
Burn the HEX file of program in ATMEGA32 flash memory using this program.
Disconnect the programmer, connect the appropriate peripherals for the controller and power the sytem.